What is DNA and How Does it Work?

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Gregor Mendel and Genetics

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Important terms to know for Genetics Heredity and Genetics Vocabulary Trait – A characteristic caused by genetics or the environment Chromosomes – Long strands of DNA that contain thousands of genes Genes – Part of chromosome that controls a trait(30,000 in humans) Allele – Different forms of genes Recessive allele – Only see this trait if two are present Dominant Allele – Always shows its trait Hybrid – Has two different alleles for same trait Purebred – Has two identical alleles for same trait Probability – The likelihood that an event will occur Punnett Square – A chart that shows all possible combinations of alleles between two organisms Phenotype – The visibly expressed trait (ie. blue eyes) Genotype – The allele combination for a trait (ie. Bb or bb.) Homozygous – Two identical alleles (Purebred) Heterozygous – Two different alleles (Hybrid) Codominant Alleles – Neither allele is dominant(ie. Blood types or spotted dog) Incompl
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